Delta unguiculatum (Villers 1798) , Natura Mediterraneo

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Mader D. (2001): Einwanderung der Delta-Lehmwespe Delta unguiculatum (VILLERS 1789) (Hymenoptera: Eumenidae) in das Alpenrheintal (Österreich und Schweiz). - Linzer biol. Beiträge. 33/2 (819-826)

A b s t r a c t : The mediterranean delta mud wasp Delta unguiculatum (VILLERS 1789) (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Eumenidae) has wandered from the Mediterranean Sea along the Rhone valley in upstream direction, has then immigrated into the Saone valley and has followed it in upstream direction, and has subsequently further expanded in various side valleys of the Saone in upstream direction towards northeast to north. Via the Doubs, which is the greatest tributary of the Saöne, D. unguiculatum has reached the Burgundian Gate that represents a gently undulating watershed between the Rhine and its tributaries in the east and the Saöne and its tributaries in the west between the Vosges in the north and the Swiss Jurassic in the south. From the Burgundian Gate, D. unguiculatum has entered the Upper Rhine Graben along the Rhine-Rhone-Channel and has then wandered within the Upper Rhine Graben in downstream direction from south to north. From the southern end of the Upper Rhine Graben, D. unguiculatum has also accessed the High Rhine valley and has migrated therein from Basel at the termination of the High Rhine valley into the Upper Rhine Graben in the west up to Stein at the efflux of the High Rhine from Lake Constance in the east, and has then further advanced from west to east along the northern margin of Lake Constance via Radolfzell, Überlingen and Friedrichshafen up to Lindau as well as along the southern margin of Lake Constance via Kreuzungen, Romanshorn and Rorschach up to Lustenau and Bregenz at the termination of the Alpine Rhine into Lake Constance. The easternmost nesting site of D. unguiculatum in the greater surroundings of Lake Constance is located in Wangen in the Allgäu which it has reached by wandering from the margin of Lake Constance along the Argen valley in upstream direction. At the termination of the Alpine Rhine into Lake Constance between Lustenau and Bregenz, D. unguiculatum has immigrated into the Alpine Rhine valley and has advanced therein from north to south up to Oberriet and Riithi north of Feldkirch where its upstream wandering along the Alpine Rhine valley from Lake Constance has actually stopped. Because no mason nests of D. unguiculatum have been found between Oberriet and Riithi north of Feldkirch and Sargans in the Alpine Rhine valley, whereas relatively fresh mason nests have been discovered in Sargans and Chur, D. unguiculatum has arrived in Sargans and Chur not via the Alpine Rhine valley between Lake Constance and Sargans, but has entered the Alpine Rhine valley laterally near Sargans, has then further advanced in the Alpine Rhine valley from north to south in upstream direction, and has thus also reached Chur. This lateral immigration street into the Alpine Rhine valley near Sargans is confirmed by numerous mason nests of D. unguiculatum along a chain of nesting sites in the Seez valley between Alpine Rhine valley and Lake Walen, at the margin of Lake Walen, in the depression of the Linth Channel between Lake Walen and Lake Zürich, and probably also at the margin of Lake Zürich.

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